Why is birth painful and risky in humans?

There are two main reasons for this. The first is that people's brain/body ratios are quite high compared to other living things. Compared to our body, we have a big brain and therefore a big head. The second reason is the evolutionary changes we experienced after the transition from four feet to two feet. In order for a species walking on two feet to balance and to move easily, its legs should be close to each other. Therefore, the width of the hips in females has narrowed. As a result, an extremely narrow birth canal and a large head through it will cause women to suffer or even die at birth.